| Element | FORM/USE: NON-FINITE WITH '-ING' |
|---|---|
| SuperCat | CLAUSES |
| SubCat | subordinated |
| Lexical Range | N/A |
| Level | B1 |
| Cando | Can use a non-finite subordinate clause with 'before' and 'after' + '-ing', before or after a main clause, to refer to time. |
| Corrected Learner Example | Instead I buy books once a month and I read them in the evening before going to bed. (Italy; B1 THRESHOLD; 2005; Italian; Pass) We can relax after working hard at school. (Vietnam; B1 THRESHOLD; 2009; Vietnamese; Pass) Before going back home we ate a hot meal in a beautiful restaurant called “Palladium”. (Poland; B1 THRESHOLD; 1999; Polish; Pass) After having breakfast I started doing my homework. (Spain; B1 THRESHOLD; 2010; Spanish - European; Pass) |
| Uncorrected Learner Example | |
| Comments | The non-finite clauses occur much more frequently after the main clause than before it. |
